Những mùa hoa lavender tím biếc

Those who love Lavender (lavender) will immediately think of the vast purple fields in Provence in southeastern France. But if you have the opportunity to visit the Mayfield field outside London (England), Tomita farm in Hokkaido (Japan), or Blues Dreamland park in Beijing capital to enjoy the beautiful purple this summer ... surely will not let you down.

Free purple Provence region

Writer Jean Giono once said: "Lavender is the spirit of Provence", indeed, this place is considered the capital of the beautiful purple lavender variety. Located in the southeast of France, Provence has a fresh, cool climate all year round, poetic and natural scenery is always like "pouring honey" into heaven. In the summer days, starting from July to the end of August, Provence and the sky wears a romantic purple shirt and sweet scent mingled in the wind. Lavender alone "solo" shows monochrome on the fields fluttering butterfly wings, stretching headline to the horizon. 

Arriving in Provence, make sure you do not miss the field in front of Senanque monastery near the town of Gordes, because of the romantic scenery and the most beautiful photo spot. On the way to Sault, visit Simiane la Rotonde, a village built on a hill with a purple field covered in purple at the foot of the hill. You can also visit the farms in Sault and Valreas and buy products made from this flower such as essential oil, perfume, soap, wine ... At Coustellet, there is also a museum about lavender. You discover the cultivation history of this flower in the region of Provence. 

Infatuated with Mayfield ranch

Coming to Mayfield Farm outside London (UK) in the summer of August, you will be stunned by the magical scenery surrounded by a purple color immersed in the refreshing aroma, dispel the fatigue of the journey. . Is it amazing? With an area of ​​about 4000m2, Mayfield is divided into 3 areas: the largest area is for growing flowers, part of the land is used as a warehouse for storing flowers after harvest and a small area selling souvenirs with a shop. water for tourists to rest. 

With the camera in hand, you can fully enjoy the panoramic view of the lavender field stretching as far as the eye can see, the kids running and playing like the fairy tale "Alice lost in wonderland" and even traveling. Guests strolling to see flowers, take selfie photos ... Come here, do not forget to buy products made from lavender such as soap, essential oils, aromatic bags, pots like lavender as gifts for relatives ... and enjoy cup of aromatic lavender lemon tea. The farm is only open from June to August due to the limited flowering season, so plan your lavender summer today! 

Furano - passionate aroma of summer

No need to go to Europe far away, even in Japan, you are also "satisfied" with the "beauty of heaven" of lavender. In mid-June, the Furano sky in Hokkaido is full of purple with a strong aroma in the breeze. Tomita Farm is 14 hectares wide and Lavender East is home to many of the most beautiful lavender fields, opening up a world of fairy tales in real life. 

From the early morning when the sun had appeared until sunset, lavender still looks fresh and impressive fragrance captivating travelers from far away. This is also an ideal time for you to have beautiful souvenir photos. Immersing yourself in the purple space, stretching out to take a deep breath, you will feel a really pleasant feeling in the vast sky. Besides enjoying flowers, you also learn about the process of cutting flowers and squeezing essential oils full of fun or enjoy a hot cup of aromatic hot coffee, excellent lavender ice cream ... is what you get after the trip. this. 

Blues Dreamland - displaying spectacular purple colors

More than 1 hour away from Beijing, Blues Dreamland is a famous rendezvous for couples who love to see lavender every July. The long straight fields of flowers have woven a huge purple carpet of flowers blended with the sweet aroma that makes you ecstatic like a fairy.

Lavender dominates the landscape and becomes the main character displaying beautiful colors alongside many other blooming flowers. Coming here, you will be admiring when you can admire the romantic beauty of lavender in a quiet space to bring true experiences about a memorable trip. The most popular time to visit is on the Feast of the Fall of the Jubilee, the year of the Ox Ox year, the seventh of the seventh lunar month. The Feast of the Fall is also referred to as the "Asian Valentine's Day".

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Nam Mỹ không chỉ có Carnival và bóng đá

Referring to South America, almost everyone thinks of the vibrant Carnival and the pompous play of the top teams in the world. However, there is still another "corner" - a more charming place with unique culture and wonderful natural landscapes that are inviting visitors to experience, even this summer.

Attend the mysterious Inti Raymi festival

Beautiful Peru - where a combination of many unique cultures and sacred Inti Raymi festival is the activity you should attend first when coming to South America. Taking place on June 24 every year in the city of Cuzco - the capital of the ancient Incas, the festival is also known as the festival of the sun god. Dating back to the 16th century, this is the largest festival in South America, hailed as the quintessence of ancient Inca culture. 

The Incas always believed that they were the children of the sun god. They worship God as the creator of all things, decide on the destiny of man and the universe, and pray for a good harvest. The festival lasted for a week but before that many days throughout the street were always crowded. During the day, people sing and dance, and at night, there are many unique art programs at Plaza de Armas square to serve residents and visitors. 

The main highlight is June 24 when Sapa Inca - king of the Incas (performed by the actor) asked the sun god to bless the Qorikancha square. After that, the procession will walk on the street in the music, the prayers and the bustling dance. Sapa Inca and the monks recited prayers for the fertile land, mixed light for good crops and danced enthusiastically, then returned to Cuzco.

Go to Machu Picchu to find "the lost city"

Along the way, you will admire the majestic scenery of the Andes on the luxury tourist train with special design with 3 transparent glass. Located in the Urubamba valley (Peru), the ruins were forgotten for centuries until archaeologist Hiram Bingham discovered in 1911. 

Hailed as the architectural masterpiece of the Inca civilization, one of the most beautiful and mysterious archaeological sites in the world, Machu Picchu World Heritage remains a big question for all humanity. By bringing large stones up, how to assemble stone walls without using mortar ... until now, science still cannot explain. At an altitude of 2,350m, the "mecca in the middle of the clouds" is only about 5km2 wide but has enough areas: Sacred District, Common District to stay in and District for nobles and priests with 140 unique architectural works. 

In the middle of the air floor, Machu Picchu appeared magnificently like a fairy, which surprised us. High skies and majestic mountains, deep abyss attract more attention to its splendor. All the long-distance fatigue disappeared, only the feeling of lightheadedness had reached the legendary peak. 

See Rio de Janeiro - the top 7 wonders of the world

Not only famous for beautiful beaches, the city of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) also boasts a huge statue of Christ the Redeemer on the top of Corcovado Mountain. This 38m high statue is one of the greatest sculptures of mankind, top 7 wonders of the world. 

You can take a train, car or cable car to the mountain, but the journey on the chain train to admire the Tijuca National Park is the most popular. And wherever you are in Rio de Janeiro, just by looking up, you can see the hands of God protecting a safe journey. 

In addition, take the cable car to Mount Loaf Mountain, panoramic view of the city with the coast, the romantic blue mountain range is also very interesting. During the journey, do not forget to mingle with seductive Samba dances. Each step of the skilled dancers dance in the lively drum beats from the band will make you remember forever.

Conquer Iguazu waterfalls

As the natural border between Brazil and Argentina, the grandeur of Iguazu falls cannot be fully described. The waterfall system consists of 274 falls stretching over 2 km on a river of the same name. Most impressive is the horseshoe-shaped Devils Throat, which drops from a height of 82m and a width of 150m. Depending on the season, the waterfall brings intense beauty, tossing white foam or creating clear, peaceful water curtains. 

Every year, this place attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors to the resort. You can enjoy the panoramic view of the falls by helicopter, boat sightseeing or sailing in the middle of the waterfall. Besides, you also experience exciting adventures when exploring the subtropical forests adjacent to the waterfall with many rare and precious animals and plants such as orchids, palm trees, monkeys, jaguars, pigs hose ...

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Miên man sắc tím lavender

In England, France, Japan, summer is the right time to relax to find a cool and peaceful countryside. Strolling into paradise full of scents, feeling the endless beauty of lavender blooms will leave you with abundant emotions about the whole land of green hills, wings. endless fields and hard working people ...

"Purple heaven" in Provence (France)

From mid-July to the end of August, the most beautiful lavender farms in the region of Provence simultaneously wear a romantic purple shirt. You can not help being overwhelmed by the "purple paradise" that blooms and runs to the horizon ... Biking around the fields of lavender in the summer sun, you can easily encounter the beautiful grass paths between flower beds just barely one person away. Occasionally there were white girls, blond with braids on either side, wearing skirts spread around, joking, or competing to inhale the pure, aromatic scent of lavender. 

Close up, close your eyes and breathe deeply into your chest to feel the sensual aroma, creating a relaxing feeling. Just a little sweet freshness from the lavender fragrance will ease the busyness of everyday life. Pure floral fragrance full of relaxation can stay a few months but contains many levels of emotions, which no words can describe it all ... Just be sure, the gifts brought essential oils are lavender packages The aroma, aroma, essential oil, bar of soap, or fragrant shower gel cannot replace a peaceful, romantic Provence countryside that lingers in the minds of every person. 

Lost in the middle of Mayfield farm (UK)

The European summer paradise also leads you to visit the Surrey farms, a few miles from London, England to once enjoy the fascinating "party" of senses such as: watching the beauty of the flowers, Smell the passionate aroma and enjoy the unique flavor of lavender-made dishes. Between June and August, lavender will become the main character showcasing the colors, occupying the natural landscape at the 25-acre Mayfield Organic Farm. Here, a purple color covers the whole space, creating beautiful paintings.

Mayfield Farm is divided into 3 areas: the largest area is devoted to flower growing, a part of the warehouse is used for storing flowers after harvest and a small area selling souvenirs with a water bar for tourists to stop. foot resting. With the camera in hand, you can freely retract the panoramic lens of the lavender field stretching as far as the eye can see, the travelers walk around watching the flowers, take selfies ... And do not forget to buy products made from flowers such as lavender soap, essential oils, aromatic bags, pots like lavender ... or leisurely enjoy a cup of lemon tea fragrant lavender cool. 

Passionate in Furano lavender field (Japan)

From the end of June to September, the purple lavender fields in Furano show off brilliantly. This place is famous for the ancient houses and the poetic beauty of the lavender fields stretching straight, you will feel like getting lost in the village of Provence in southern France. Visit the 14-hectare Tomita farm, where you can unleash your soul with flower beds filled with purple, swinging in the wind and admire the breathtaking Tokachi mountain range. The "lavender bus" will drive you bon bon on the village road, across the vast purple fields and the sweet scent emanating to make far away travelers.

Besides enjoying flowers, you also learn about the process of cutting flowers pressed for interesting essential oils and products made from famous lavender brand of the region. If you intend to come here this summer, get your camera ready to record great moments of the lavender blooming season in Furano.

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Về thăm “áo mới Cà Mau”

This summer comes Ca Mau, visitors immerse in the green forest, silver sea to see love than the remote land full of sunshine but full of pride. The call from the sacred Cape land makes the traveler's heart restless and unable to move his heels.

Ca Mau "added new clothes"

Ever been in love with the song "I heard that Ca Mau was far away, at the end of the map of Vietnam ...", perhaps you will be a little hesitant when you intend to set foot to the southernmost point of the Country. But now, the road to conquer Mui land is much easier than before because Highway 1 has lasted until Nam Can, flat and straight. From Nam Can town, continue to canoe across Cua Lon River to Mui land, visitors embrace into the sight of an immense river, green mangrove forest with endless joy and joy. 

Just over an hour of conquering the waves, you set foot on Mui Ca Mau Cultural Park located in the UNESCO world biosphere reserve. This is the only place in Vietnam where if you stand at the South Pole, you can see the sun rising in the East Sea and setting in the West Sea. At that "forefoot that has not dried mud ten thousand miles", everyone wants to have a souvenir photo with a monument of a ship reaching out to the big sea. The national landmark - the symbol of Ca Mau and the red flag with yellow stars flying proudly in the indescribable pride of travelers. 

Your whole soul is overwhelmed when standing on the observatory to gaze at the bow of the Homeland ship which is turning waves to the sea. No fussy or fancy, homeland love is showing on every inch of land still plying the sea. A delicious feast with freshly caught seafood, barramundi "climbing trees" grilled with salt and chilli and sweet folk songs at the windy Thuy Ta restaurant ... which experience is more interesting! In front of the immense sea, the back of the forest is immense and the heart is filled with emotions that are hard to say in words. Therefore, although across East-West, with many people in Mui land is a sacred calling, a place that must come at least once in a lifetime. 

The West was cheerful with every step

Anyone cannot help but visit the house of Bac Lieu dynasty - the place associated with Ba Huy's golden life. The house was built in 1919 with all the materials from France that were considered the most superficial in the southern region of the province now. Admire the lavish rooms, unique objects, hear about the anecdotes around the famous celebrity ... will give visitors an interesting view of the West in the past.  

You also have the opportunity to learn more about the folk arts of the Southern folk music - Intangible cultural heritage as well as the great contribution of the late composer Cao Van Lau - the person who laid the first foundation for the reformed art with the work "Da Ancient Ho Lang". The sound of the plucking cries, the simple lyrics that permeate the hospitable hearts of the Southern people will lead the nostalgic soul back to the very own music world, rich in identity.

Those who have fallen in love with the romantic film "The Lover" adapted from the novel of the same name by the French female writer Marguerite Duras will surely recover when visiting the ancient house of Huynh Thuy Le in Sa Dec. The East-West design harmonizes with the artifacts and images associated with the love story of the owner and the female writer of the past making the blue house more attractive than ever. A sad love story that does not end, but has left the audience with a beautiful memory of adolescence living up to love despite the great differences in culture and class.  

Western floating market

And do not forget Can Tho with clear white rice with floating markets on the river with fresh fruit orchards or magnificent Soc Trang pagoda tower. All will weave a colorful picture of the West, going far and missing, nostalgic. 

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Những tập tục cưới ba miền cổ truyền của Việt Nam

The marriage of Vietnamese people has strict rules ever. Weddings in the North, Central and South have a unique feature, bringing the customs and customs of each region.

Northern wedding ceremony

The wedding ceremony in the North must hold 3 ceremonies:

Dam lane: is the first meeting, the official family of two boys and girls, is considered necessary procedure for "adults" to talk to each other. After the marriage ceremony, the girl is considered to have a place, first step toward marriage.

Engagement ceremony: A rich or poor family cannot live without betel. A engagement ceremony of Hanoi people must have nuggets and roses. If the family is well-off, in addition to nuggets, persimmons and betel nut areca also has roasted suckling pig. The engagement ceremony map is associated with specialties of the regions such as nuggets of cereal, chayote, lotus jam, tea, wine, betel nut, tobacco, etc. Usually, intercourse includes 3 ceremonies: paternal and paternal , home.

Wedding ceremony: After asking for about 10 days, a wedding ceremony is held. In the past, the procession of the bride and groom had many procedures, leading the procession were the wealthy people in the village. When welcoming the bride to the top of the village, there is also a string ceremony, if you want to go through, you must give some money. Meals and parties take place 1 day before the wedding. The wedding starts with a wedding invitation, when the wedding invitation must be accompanied by tea and lotus seeds (taken from engagement ceremony). So far this process is still being withheld.

In the ceremony, the bride and groom must make an ancestor ceremony as a tribute to their ancestors. After the marriage ceremony, the couple returned to the girl's house to bring offerings to the family, called the ceremony. After that, the bride's parents officially came to the house of the bride because at the wedding, the bride's mother did not go to take the bride. Re-face ceremony usually takes place on the second or fourth day after the wedding (called a double happiness or four happy wedding).

Central wedding ceremony

The process of organizing weddings in the Central also has steps from touching the gate, asking the wedding, to vu quy. The Central wedding is usually simple, unobtrusive, but in each specific part, it is quite sophisticated with the concept of "respectful ceremony when (contempt)".

Before preparing for the wedding ceremony, people often see the good and bad times, sometimes go to the temple to ask the monks. After choosing a good time and date, the two sides will inform each other by a simple visit. This is sometimes done by young couples, but it must be two families with a prior friendship.

For the interviewing people, the Central people only see it as a meeting between two families and close relatives to introduce the young, no-frantic couple. Wedding ceremonies: asking for time, worshiping the bride, picking the bride takes place at the girl's house, welcoming the bride, reporting to the family's ancestors. Central people do not have custom wedding challenges. Minimum gifts include: betel nut plums, tea wine, red silk candles, spousal cakes. If the wealthy, the boys can add cream cakes, flexible cakes, no "roasted pigs go away" as many places. In addition, weddings in the Central region often have bridesmaids, groomsmen and two children are usually a boy, a girl of the same age holding a lamp or holding a flower first.

When bringing the bride, usually the girl's parents did not go with her, but the next day she went to the boy's house with the meaning of seeing her daughter on the first day of being a bride to be upset at her husband's house. In this meeting, the two interpreters responded politely, sent messages to each other, telling their children to negotiate with the family.

In the wedding room must have: a ceremony tray with 12 pieces of betel, salt plate, ginger and alcohol. Young people have to chew 12 betel pieces, representing 12 months of harmony in a year, 12 years of harmony in a lunar calendar. The consumption of salt and ginger carries folk colors, symbolizing passionate affection. The wine served in accordance with the old Chinese feudal ritual.

Currently, this ceremony has been reduced by many families in the Central. When picking up the bride, the girl's father follows the boys' home with another car, and the party will exchange with the groom's family. Three days after the wedding, the bride can return to her parents' house to clean up her belongings and start a new life at her husband's house.

The sophistication of the Central people at weddings is mainly in manners. No fuss, noisy, outrageous at weddings and parties. The marriage and presentation of the owner of the marriage, both parents are very fussy and not overlooked. Age of incompetent couple. The bridesmaids and groomsmen are unmarried people, wives, agile cheerfulness.

The arrangement of the wedding room must be prepared by an elderly, kind woman. Offering gifts to the bride and groom's family thanks to an elderly person, enough of their children, families and families to check. After the ceremony, the pair of pink candles were blown out by this person. The number of the bride's family going to pick the bride is always in the even. When picking up the bride, the groom's family often sends a couple of vivacious young men and their wives and children to stand ready to "get lucky" for their newlyweds.

Distinctive in Southern wedding

The main wedding ceremony is celebrated at the ancestor altar in the family. The altar must have enough "fruit-flavored incense." Gifts include: fruits, candies, betel and areca nuts. In addition, there must be a pair of lamps (candles) that match the size of the candlesticks on the altar. This is considered the cultural and sacred features of the Vietnamese people. The representative of the groom's family respectfully invited the girl's family for tea, wine, and betel nut. The two sides discussed together a few details, giving jewelry and cash. When the patriarch of the girl's family declared: "Please light the ceremony", the young couple officially became husband and wife.

Light up is an important and sacred ritual. Two large candles brought by the groom's family are placed on the altar of the grandparents. The patriarch opened a bottle of wine brought by his son's house to stand in front of the altar, between the bride and groom, waiting for the fire on the two candles to burn evenly, the patriarch gave the couple each side a candle to stick into the lampstand. . The lamp must be light and steady, if the side is high and low, there will be public opinion that the bridegroom will fear his wife and the bride will "be a husband".

The light-up ceremony has a strange solemnity with the meaning: fire is life, optimism, connecting the past to the present, the earth to the sky ... Therefore, this is a mandatory ritual impossible lacking in every wedding from the past to the present of the South.

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Độc đáo nghệ thuật tạo hình dân gian trên trang phục thổ cẩm phụ nữ Mông Hoa, Lào Cai

In Lao Cai, the Mong people have the largest population in the community of local ethnic minorities, of which, concentrated in the districts of Si Ma Cai, Bac Ha, Sa Pa, Muong Khuong ... Mong people here Mostly White Mong, Mong Hoa, Black Mong.

The Hmongz - Hmongz (Hmongnhnh) people have the largest population in Si Ma Cai, Bac Ha, Bat Xat, Bao Yen and Muong Khuong districts, but in Si Ma Cai and Bac Ha, the Mong ethnic cultural identity also remains. keep the tradition pristine, unique and most typical. In Bac Ha, the Mong people reside concentrated in Ban Pho, Thai Giang Pho, Ban Gia and Lung Cai. This is a ethnic community with a high solidarity, with a rich cultural and traditional tradition, notably the values ​​of folk art and visual art shown most clearly on brocade costumes. Flower Mong women. Brocade costumes of beautiful Mongolian girls are colorful, sophisticated patterns, creating a deep impression, attracting tourists to admire, learn is the symbol of the beauty of the people of the tourist area Bac Ha is charming.

The folk art of the Mong Hoa people is preserved, preserved, promoted and clearly shown in the Mong people in Ban Pho commune. It shows on two sides: costumes and appliances. Traditional Mongolian women 's costumes include towels, breasted tops, skirts, a cloth under the front of the skirt, belts, leggings, etc. Mong Hoa women's scarves come in two types, that is, a rectangle of 65 size. x 40 cm with embroidered patterns on the head, a wide-brimmed scarf wrapped around the head.

However, nowadays, due to economic conditions, the scarves used in the past are no longer found, instead of rectangular towels, industrially manufactured. Mong women wear a wide skirt and skirt, so when wearing a large scarf, it will fit and create a harmonious balance on the female body.

The woman's shirt split armpits, the neck is high on the shoulders and the chest has a splint added with embroidery fabric with spiral pattern. Skirts mainly use the red, dark blue ... look striking, brilliant. The belt is a piece of cloth about 7 - 8 cm wide and 80 - 120 cm long, the middle section of the waist is embroidered with patterns, beautiful colors, wrapped around the abdomen, flattering the beauty of the woman, while also making Mong girls have a better physique. Mong women are the authors of visual arts based on costumes, because they have been engaged in embroidery, fabric weaving and pattern printing all their lives. When they were young, the girls learned how to embroidered and learn to print beeswax on their skirts. The Mong woman combines all three techniques: embroidery, drawing, patchwork to create motifs on the basis of clothes. They embroidery patterns without patterns, only used to embroider the silk thread is both large and durable.

In particular, they have an overview, imaginative, completely based on memory to embroider patterns. Many people embroider in their favorite colors, they do not need to see the color, do not need to see the pattern, but still be able to embroidered the desired pattern. When embroidering, women often meticulously calculated each needle thread, the size of the entire pattern in the piece of fabric, so when weaving, they considered the ability to arrange pattern motifs. The pattern embroidery technique is more complicated, because the embroidery on the left side of the fabric, but the pattern emerges on the right side, requiring women to be patient and careful because if they accidentally mistake a needle, stitch will be skewed. Mong women also use wax printing techniques, the tool used to draw wax pattern is a pen made of copper, there are many types used to draw in different sizes. When finished painting, bring fabric printed with indigo beeswax wax, after soaking, dyeing, dark colored cloth, then dipped in boiling water, beeswax will flow leaving blue patterns ... The motifs on the background of Mong costumes are mainly geometric patterns. These are horizontal lines, long bold lines or broken corners, creating blocks of squares, rectangles, rhombus ... The motifs on the clothes are often estimates. In Ban Pho, women often decorate with curved patterns of buffalo horns, animals used in sacrificing the dead.

Especially in some girls' hats, the spiral embroidery is actually a horizontal "S" motif. The color palette of the Mong people is actually not much, there are mainly 5 types of colors: dark yellow, black, red, yellow, and blue. In order to create a dark indigo background, the Mong women had to carry out many stages, the Mong people in Ban Pho right from the time of weaving, they had to cook in ashes of the kitchen to really white and dry on a flat stone, grab a wooden mallet to beat smooth glossy cloth. In addition, after dyeing indigo, the dress is soaked in water mixed with egg whites to make the fabric shiny, fresh, red previously dyed from a tree or a red-colored medicine, Nowadays, there are many types of fabrics in the market, so people mainly buy industrial fabrics. 

In general, the prominent color in the costumes of the Mong people in Ban Pho is red as the main color, combining yellow and white to contrast with the indigo background to create vibrant colors. In terms of spiritual values, the art of folk shaping, the most typical of which is the art of folk art on Hmong women's costumes, reflects the nature of kindness, hospitality, honesty, honesty, bravery and , both strong and emotional; generous, impartial to the harshness of nature in the highlands. Not only that, the folk art form on brocade costumes has shown the diligence, hard work, skillful hands, rich imagination of Mong women. It reflects the cultural values ​​and aesthetic values, contributing to the richness and diversity in the cultural and spiritual life of the Ban Pho Mong people in particular and Bac Ha.

Want to admire, learn the art of folklore on the Mong Hoa women brocade costume, invite you to Bac Ha, to Ban Pho commune to visit brocade weaving village, hang out at cultural market, visit the goods area Brocade brightly colored. Going to any tourist destination of Bac Ha, you will see beautiful and young Mong women in brocade costume, you will have more deep impressions about the land and Bac Ha people (Lao Cai).

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Nét đặc sắc qua một số sinh hoạt văn hóa dân gian Tây Bắc

Folklore is a product of the early period of human - social awareness, but it contains humane meanings as a result of the sense of community organization and activities.

A number of surveys conducted by the Lao Cai Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism below will show this, and the problem today is how to make folklore continue to grow and bring about. advanced characteristics, suitable for national identity ...

Transmission and handwriting teaching of the Dao people: Every year on the occasion of the Lunar New Year, in each family of Dao people, there are transmission ceremonies, in particular, teaching the descendants to learn the Nôm Dao and especially The tradition of giving medicine to the next generations takes place at the family of physicians in the village. This is an opportunity for the community to honor education, civil service, vocational training and learn how to be human.

In the early morning of the first day of the Lunar New Year, the Dao people organize literacy training for boys aged 12 to 13 years old (the Red Dao people call it "tu shui hiu", the selected Dao people call it "chau chau chau") - meaning the first word). For the Dao people, teaching literacy is not only simple in teaching children how to read and write the ethnic group, but also teaching them to learn the love of reason, not forgetting the ancestral roots. Boys learn letters, girls learn embroidery, needlework. The place where girls sat and embroider flowers is also a meeting place for the boys to throw and learn to marry the couple.

This is a long-standing practice of the Dao people, teaching children to be polite to avoid sin with their ancestors, children always have a sense of national pride. The Red Dao also choose a good day to teach their children, usually the days from the first day of the Lunar New Year to the full moon of January; According to the people's opinion, these days are good days, but choosing a date that is suitable for your age, the study will progress and study successfully. In addition to teaching literacy to young men, on the occasion of Tet, the Dao community also organizes teaching of medicine (learning medicine). The Dao have a writing system and a valuable ancient Nôm Dao book, but books about medicine are very rare.

Meanwhile, the Dao people are famous for medicine and medicine to save people. Trainees must strictly comply with the strict requirements of their fathers. At the end of the ceremony, the instructor instructs the learner how to take medicinal plants and the rules of medical practice must be strictly followed, such as: Do not work in virtue, not properly cure the disease that you know, no trick the sick; Precious drugs are not to be taken lightly; don't betray teachers; saving people is the main thing, don't be deceived to get money or lazy, even if they are far away, difficulties still have to be treated when people come to ...

Come Cong Festival: More than 50 years ago, in Ta Van (Sa Pa), there was a temple at the beginning of the suspension bridge to Ta Van - Giay village. The temple has become the Cach Mang ceremony site of the whole Muong Hoa valley. Every year on the Thin, June of the lunar calendar, the Mong, Dao, and Giay villages in Muong Hoa all focus on Come Cong temple. Each family appoints a representative, irrespective of male, female, old and young.

The shrine is called Che Che (Tsêr dangz). The shrine has three compartments, the nave is between two officers of the Dao family. On the left side is the worshiping mountain god (Son Than), Suoi Hoa (Long Vuong), Giay called "sía po", "sía ta", and Mong people call it "ti ti" and "gold hunt".

Offering offerings are black buffaloes, black pigs and chickens and ducks purchased by villages. Ta Van - Giay village is responsible for preparing incense, dishes and offerings. The worshiper is the Giay in Ta Van. The ceremony owner dressed in a long dress, pants and solemnly praying to the gods. The content of the ceremony is to invite the gods to attend the ceremony, pray for the blessing of the blessing of the prosperous and prosperous people.

After the worshiping ceremony, the Muong Hoa translator reads the common convention of the whole Muong, including four contents: 1. The security of the villages: do not steal, and take measures to prevent bad guys from coming to steal. 2. Forest protection: Mong, Dao and Giay villages must pay special attention to fields, firewood collection and bamboo shoots in forests banned from worshiping earth spirits and forests in the headwaters of the village. 3. Cattle grazing: The convention specifies the period of time for cattle bans. Every year, from October 15 to the lunar calendar, on January of January, people are allowed to release cattle. Outside of the above time period, it is prohibited to allow cattle to be left unattended to avoid crop damage. 4. Regarding social behavior: The convention of the whole region is to support each other, help families have funerals, criticize unhealthy relationships between men and women ...

At the end of the reading of the conventions, the translator emphasized, "Today, I tell everyone, from here on out, everyone must follow these principles and tell the whole family to follow. ", all attendees are responsible for obeying the convention issued by the ministry. At the end of the convention, everyone who attended Come Cong happily sat on the community platter. Any villager who cooks food for the village himself, which family does not have someone to attend, the other person will spend the food brought back.

The New Year of the Dao Tuyen New Year: Held on the 15th of lunar month every year. Right from the previous day, all families had prepared gifts to worship their ancestors at their homes, but the main ceremony was held in the village old houses, each family contributed some wine, chicken, colored paper to for the conduct of the ritual. On this day, each family can invite relatives and friends from other places to attend for more fun. On the 14th day, the village elder assigned some men to prepare gifts, women made honey cake (dzu pèng), banh chung (dzu guay), and girls prepared fruit and "oh tom". The next morning, working tools were brought to the altar to pray for the gods to help the villagers a prosperous year.

After that, each family sent a participant to accompany the group to cultivate, gather firewood, plant seeds, hunt for good luck at the beginning of the year, hope that the whole year of business will get a satisfactory result ... and singing and exchanging love with men and women. The fruit is also made in the shape of a canopy, with five corners of small fringed fabric with different colors, inside are grains, corn, rice, millet, and men and women throwing and praying for life in the new year is always full. . When playing longer, men and women sing to meet and exchange love, the questions ask each other with content about the origin of the ancestors, the history of the nation and the lyrics of love confession: "Try your hand to sing a song - Beautiful boys, beautiful girls sing the song - Moon, the sun appeared together - Cold bird also flew away "...

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Rau Choại: món ngon dân dã của vùng Đồng Tháp Mười

People living abroad, when listening to the name of Thap Muoi, probably do not forget the folk verse: "Thap Muoi water flooded the sour field Half of the burning season, half the season of rising water".

Right at that time of the season, nature suddenly became more peaceful and favored for the people of this land extremely rich specialties: Snakes, mustache, hamsters, water lilies, dandelion, vegetables chives ... But the characteristic of Dong Thap Muoi area, it is the "running" vegetables, a kind of young twisted twisted twirling like rolls, delicious food.

According to the ancestors, at the beginning of the reclamation of the people, people have discovered that the "running" vegetable that has existed in front of them for many generations on this land is Chua. Vegetables are present almost everywhere in Dong Thap Muoi. It belongs to the family of vines, where the cow stalks up to it, can live in lowland areas because the root has strong water attraction, especially very suitable for alum-contaminated land. There are many types of vegetables. Based on its characteristics and living environment, people call it by different names: Stonecrop, garden stub, wild stalk, pickle, veneer ... All kinds of vegetables are edible, however, Each has its own unique flavor.

The stalked vegetables have green streak of bananas, grow into bushes, and the old and tall leaves look like a beautiful fern leaf; Eat bitter, bitter. Previously, in the process of reclamation, people living in Dong Thap Muoi area were less able to trade with the outside, the days of running out of food and food, they had to pick young shoots of vegetables instead of stone. So. Because it is very bitter and bitter, it must be boiled briefly in boiling water, picked up and drained before being processed into another dish. With the characteristic acrid taste of ice, people often use it to cook sour soup with anabas, rice, this is a unique dish only in this region.

Wild mango is a wild vegetable sometimes sold in the market, the most common of all vegetables in the same family. Wild mangrove vegetables and leaves are light green mixed with some pink, young leaves are dark pink, all parts of the forest trees are used except the old leaves. People in Dong Thap Muoi often go to the forest to choose old cords, cut them into arbitrary sections, and bring them to dry in a bundle to save. Those who specialize in fishing, fishing ropes are their companions when needed to look after, roof, post, that ... of former colonists.

Vegetables in the garden have high and big trunk, often growing along bamboo bushes, coconut trees, in mixed garden, along the river edge, adapting in fresh water areas, lightly alum-contaminated. Bunches of vegetables are stout in the garden, sweet, crispy and fragrant, very rare, so they are not sold in the market like wild vegetables.

Talking about dishes made from wild vegetables, people immediately think of boiled vegetables. Vegetables are bought from markets, sellers sometimes leave them overnight, so they become black and age. In this case, before processing, the small part must be picked up; want to sprout fresh, crunchy it is best to take the time to pick and use immediately. Boiled spice buds seasoning sauce, or soy sauce are delicious. Therefore, in Dong Thap Muoi region from ancient times, there were folk songs that:

Invite each other to seven villages

Picking up vegetables, pulling back eagles

If the tick is off, the soy sauce is over

Immediately the cops who love me lie.

It is enough for the villagers. Those who want to be sophisticated, besides the seasoning sauce cup, soy sauce with a few fried perch or grilled snakehead fish, is great! Usually, boiled water is rarely used by anyone, but it adds a little salt, some MSG to slurp after a meal, its sweetness is not inferior to any kind of soup.

Want to get the right to go into the forest, where people have not reclaimed, or along the banks of new canals scoop up the land. Scaring requires familiarity with the way, if ignorant one day bees to be swollen turmeric to swell the face. One kg of buds now ranges from 4,000 to 6,000 VND, this price is quite attractive for a part of poor laborers to make a living in the flood season.

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Nét đẹp văn hoá người Dao ở Bắc Giang

At present, the number of Dao people in Bac Giang is not very large (about 7,000 people), but the cultural features of costumes, beliefs and customs are always preserved and preserved by the people. wishing that beauty would last forever.

* Graceful costume Dao:

Far more than 5 km from the center of Duong Huu commune, Son Dong district, Khe Khuoi village has 34 Dao Thanh Y ethnic households gathered under the green forest canopy. In the solitude of the mountains, the rattle of the woven fabric sounds very pleasant to the ears of the women, the sisters like the harmony of the songs create a dash for that silence. According to the women in the village, from ancient times, tailoring, embroidery and pattern printing was the private work of Dao women; 9 to 10-year-old girls practice sewing, embroidery. Previously, the Dao also planted cotton to get fiber, but now the market sells colorful yarns, so people do not grow cotton anymore but mainly buy new fabrics to dye indigo, and then embellish decorative patterns on it; whose clothes, towels, hats, bibs, leggings are embroidered by that person. The whole Khe Khuoi village only has one or two permanent frames of women, they are still attached to the memories of an eternal time.

Dao women have a unique way of embroidering, not embroidering according to the previous sketch pattern, but embroidery according to their memory and imagination. Particularly in the past, women of Dao Lo Gang group in addition to embroidery technique also have a tradition of wax pattern on fabric. How to print your flower is embedded in triangular, folded, circle or straight frames made of bamboo into melted beeswax then printed on white cloth and then printed with indigo dyed fabric hot water lets wax melt. The wax prints were not affected by indigo water, so it became a beautiful blue color. However, so far people no longer apply this technique; embroidery and flower printing on turban, clothes ... in addition to decoration, showing the skill of the owner also has a greater meaning than the concept and desire of the Dao people. The figures of people and trees printed on costumes symbolize longevity, the cross symbolizes the rich activities of the nation. Eight-pointed star pattern shows distinctive features and symbols of the Dao ethnic group; a bird-shaped pattern perched on a woman's shirt means that a predestined woman is noticed by men, a bird-shaped pattern of a flower indicates that a man and woman learn from each other and agree to build a happy couple .. ..The Dao's men 's clothes are quite simple including clothes, trousers with indigo fabric dyed or dyed black with little embroidery on decorative patterns (except for Dao Lo Gang' s), while Dao women 's clothes are mostly The common feature is to wear only a long shirt with no neck or neck, chest brace and split front to the chest of the shirt. Decorative patterns on costumes are embroidered with multicolor colors, rich in types and motifs including birds, pine trees, swastika,

Dao people, especially women, like silver jewelry such as necklaces, bracelets, bracelets, rings, relics ... Wedding ceremonies, festivals, New Year days and in religious activities here have to wear traditional clothes. Particularly, when worshiping ceremony, there must be separate costumes because they think that the spirit world has many types of ghosts and teachers who communicate with ghosts must change their hats to suit that ghost; This outfit needs the most attention is a hat and a hat called a ghost hat. The priests' costumes of the Dao groups generally differ only in the colors and decorative patterns, the rest are basically the same. The priest's hat of Dao Lo Gang, Thanh Phan is a lotus-leaf hat, made of cardboard and cloth that can be folded and spread; The haters of the Dao Thanh Y group are similar to the ones of the teachers and there are also types of hats like the ones used by soldiers.

* For the beauty of the Dao culture to last forever:

Ms. Nguyen Thi Nga, a member of the Department of Conservation and Museum of Bac Giang province, said that the Dao ethnic group is one of the 7 main ethnic groups in Bac Giang province, living in Son Dong, Luc Ngan and Luc Nam districts. and Yen The with 3 different groups: Dao Lo Gang, Dao Thanh Phan and Dao Thanh Y. Previously, the cultivation practice of the Dao people was shifting cultivation, nomadic, each village only had a few dozen households but came Now they have settled in the sedentary way of settling and building a fixed village (in the dialect of the Dao people called Lang or Giang) established on the slopes of the mountains, in valleys and places near water sources. The nomadic way of life still exists only in the Dao Lo Gang group in Dong Cao village, Thach Son commune (Son Dong district). Although most of the Dao ethnic groups reside in upland and remote areas, they still go to the market.

Typically, the son Dao before getting married 10 years or older must go through the ceremony; if the case when the life is not acute, then when the child dies, the grandchildren give. The Dao people rank according to the family hierarchy; I gave you an identity and then I gave it to you. Compatriots said that only those who are ordained are considered adults. Through the ceremony, each member of the family has the opportunity to remember the ancestors and help each other to strengthen community solidarity. Each year, the Dao in Bac Giang have 4 festivals including: spring festival (held in January of lunar calendar), seasonal festival (also held in January from October 10 to 15), village's worshiping ceremony Dao Thanh Y and the gifting ceremony of the Dao people in Dong Dinh village, Binh Son commune (Luc Nam district). Particularly, the worshiping ceremony will be held at the village head and the position of the village head will change when the village head dies. The villagers will find a new village head. When the village head is not selected, the ceremony will not be conducted.

To preserve the beauty of the Dao culture, the Culture, Sports and Tourism Sector of Bac Giang province has conducted surveys and studies on the Dao ethnic culture in 23 villages and indigenous villages. Dao people reside; distributing 520 questionnaires and saving 230 photos of traditional Dao activities. In addition to preserving traditional festivals, helping ethnic minorities in the province, including Dao people to exchange and learn about the cultural beauty, the provincial Culture, Sports and Tourism branch requires cultural bureaus of districts where the Dao are born. propagandize and encourage Dao people of all ages to wear traditional costumes daily; men and young people try to have 1-2 ethnic costumes on every wedding day and festival. Currently, Bac Giang Culture, Sports and Tourism Industry is also publishing a book of cultural heritage of Bac Giang, including many poems, proverbs, couplets, singing songs of the Dao people, stories and myths about the origin and history of the Dao people. At the same time, the museum focuses on collecting valuable artifacts such as the bibliographies in the bookshelves of the Dao elders passed down by his father.

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Dân ca Xoan, Ghẹo - Một loại hình nghệ thuật độc đáo ở vùng đất Tổ

The Xoan and Ghéo folk songs are a unique art form in the land of To, associated with the ancient legend that: Hung King's wife became pregnant, until the date of birth, abdominal pain forever but couldn't give birth. A maid said: Should welcome the beautiful Que Hoa, good at dancing, good at singing, singing and dancing, can help with pain and birth.

The King's wife listened, and invited Que Hoa to come. The voice is clear like a bird singing, the spring is flowing, the limbs are flexible like silk, soft as a bun, making the wife of the King forget the pain of giving birth easily, the Hung King rejoices, praises Que Hoa and transmits to the The princess has to learn to dance.

The head of a Xoan ward (or Xoan family) is a tycoon. The tycoon is an experienced social worker and writes letters to lead a lengthy number of written texts. Each Xoan ward usually has 15 to 18 people or more. Except ward boss, the other members are usually young people aged 16-18. Men called dual, female called peach, the number of peaches often outnumbered the double numbers, only around 15 and 16 years old played the spear drum and cannon cannon. Xoan Ward practices before the summer season. The festival sometimes they sing until a couple of months.

During the singing days at the communal house, the girls dug up towels, patent pants, blouse, and black belts with blue or pink sacks. The first double wrapped scarf or turban, the black shirt, white pants, neck wrapped around interference.

Xoan singing usually starts at dusk, after the ritual of sacrifice. In the family, there are elders, officials and villagers watching. Xoan singing and dancing in the middle chamber called communal house.

 Opening the song, the ward boss and the celebrant of the village festival that year stood out in front of the song to sing like a ritual prayer. After finishing singing, a couple of about 15 and 16 wearing in front of a small drum stood out in the middle of the yard to make a spear and cannon spear. These two styles have rhyming in the form of four-letter poetry. Young people play the drum at the same time doing the singing and accompaniment of the collective behind. The empty spear and cannon spear serve as a prayer for the harvest and prosperity of the village.

After the drum spear and cannon cannon, the young uncle retreated to make way for the four girls to sing and sing incense. The four girls stood in line in front of the incense court, their hands lifted the fan spread out in front of them singing and doing the same movement as offering incense. This devotional song is pensive, solemn.

After completing the poem performance, Xoan ward will continue singing. Closed in the semantics is the end of the festival, but actually close the funeral with literary content with lustful romantic colors only ends the first stage in the process of performance.

The second stage in the singing process of Xoan singing is the performance of fruits. There are 14 results: the way Giang, Nham way, Mai mai way, Lower time, Thu time, Four people ...

The language of the fruits reaches the level of virtuosity, the smooth and polished words. Singing fruit is considered as a part of worship. In the past, there were communal houses devoted to one night for wards to take turns singing. Any ward that sings correctly 14 songs will be awarded.

The most interesting and lively part of Xoan singing is the performance of repertoire: Play with a girl (also known as a love affair), sing a walk, sing a flower, crossword puzzles, a flower song.

In Xoan, Ghẹo, and singing, it is a reciprocal scene between men and women. This is also the most attractive and passionate game so people also call Xoan ward as Dam ward.

Price is considered to be the end of the singing process of Xoan singing. This is also a scene of lively, naughty singing and dancing. There are places like in Cao Commerce village, "elders" are the Xoan guilds. The boys gathered in a circle, singing mouths, dancing and swinging hands, dangling like water waves. After finishing singing the sentences, the peaches play the role of the tutelary god to bless the village. After the celebrant's sacrifice, the "eldest" is lifted from the altar to become a human again.

At the end of the performance, the ward boss and the celebrant walked up to the court to sing, a reading of prayer.

Xoan, Ghẹo is a lyrical song, a voice of the soul, an expression of the people and the era, originating from the time of King Hung. It forever has a worthy place in the national folk song.

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